一、基础信息
音标
英式:/əˈkɔːdɪŋ/
美式:/əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/
记忆技巧:拆分为“a-”(一个)+ “cord”(心,引申为“一致”)+ “-ing”,联想为“与…一致”。
词义
例:The plan was made according to the needs of the project.(计划是根据项目需求制定的。)
例:According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.(据天气预报,明天会下雨。)
介词:表示“根据;按照;据…所说”
形容词(较少用):表示“相应的;服从的”
二、核心用法与搭配
1. 常用搭配
according to + 名词/代词
表示信息来源或依据,名词可为具体人名、机构、报告等。According to the teacher, the exam will be held next week.(据老师说,考试下周举行。)
According to recent studies, exercise improves mental health.(据近期研究,运动能改善心理健康。)
例:
according as(古语/文学用法,现罕见)
表示“随着;依照”,现代英语中多用“as”替代。例(仅作了解):According as the weather changes, we adjust our plans.(随着天气变化,我们调整计划。)
2. 固定短语
according to plan(按计划)
例:The project was completed according to plan.(项目按计划完成了。)
according to one’s ability(量力而行)
例:You should donate according to your ability.(你应该量力而行地捐赠。)
三、高考真题解析
1. 2022年全国卷II 语法填空
原文:
"______ (according) the survey, 75% of students use social media for learning purposes."
解析:
空格需填介词,与“the survey”构成“根据调查”的含义,According to 为固定搭配。
其他选项如“Based on”虽也表“基于”,但高考更倾向直接考查“According to”。
答案:According to
2. 2021年浙江卷 完形填空
原文:
"The decision was made ______ the committee’s recommendations."
A. for B. against C. according to D. due to
解析:
句意需表达“根据委员会建议做出决定”,according to 最贴切。
for(为了)无依据含义;against(反对)逻辑相反;due to(由于)表原因而非依据。
答案:C
四、高分必备黄金搭配与替换
according to + 人名/职位/机构 (e.g., according to Dr. Li, according to the government)
according to + 报告/书籍/研究 (e.g., according to the report, according to this book)
according to + 计划/规则/安排 (e.g., according to schedule, according to the rules)
go according to plan (按计划进行)
写作升级替换:
- 替换 according to:
- Based on the data,... (基于数据...)
- As stated in the article,... (如文章所述...)
- In the words of Einstein,... (用爱因斯坦的话说...)
五、近义词辨析:客观引用与主观陈述
according to vs. in my opinion:
According to 用于客观引述第三方信息,不能引述自己的观点。
In my opinion/I think 用于主观表达个人观点。
错误: According to me, this is wrong. -> 正确: In my opinion, this is wrong.
according to vs. based on:
两者常可互换,但 based on 更强调“以...为基础”,逻辑关联性更强。
The movie is based on a true story. (这部电影基于一个真实故事。)这里强调故事的“基础”作用,用 based on 更佳。
六、致考生:构建你的知识依据体系
备考,就是一个不断用 according to 来搭建知识大厦的过程——according to the textbook(根据课本),according to the teacher's instructions(按照老师的指导)。
但更高阶的智慧,是学会在不同来源的信息之间做出判断,让各种知识在你的脑海中 accord(和谐一致),形成你自己的见解。
“Plan your work according to your goal, but be ready to accord your plan with reality.”
(根据你的目标来规划行动,但要准备好让你的计划与现实保持一致。)
当一切复习都能 go according to plan(按计划进行)时,自然是最好的。但当出现意外时,也希望你能灵活调整,找到与新情况相 accord(适应)的新节奏。这不仅是学习之道,也是成长之道。
七、高考实战点睛
在阅读理解中,according to the passage 是题干最高频的引导词之一,其后内容就是解题的关键定位处。
在听力中,注意听清 according to 后面接的是谁的观点或哪个来源,这常是设题点。
在写作中,尤其是在议论文中,多用 according to 来引用数据、专家观点或权威报告,能极大地增强文章的说服力。
切记避免 According to me/I... 这样的中式错误表达。
掌握 according 的核心用法,就是掌握了英语逻辑表达的一把钥匙。祝你用扎实的依据和和谐的节奏,开启高考的成功之门!
八、易错点与提分技巧
混淆“according to”与“due to”
according to:表“依据”(信息来源)
例:According to the map, we’re heading the right way.(据地图显示,我们方向正确。)due to:表“由于”(原因)
例:The flight was delayed due to bad weather.(航班因恶劣天气延误。)避免冗余表达
❌ According to the fact that → ✅ According to
例:❌ According to the fact that he was ill, he stayed home.
✅ According to his illness, he stayed home.(更简洁:He stayed home due to illness.)高考提分策略
完形填空:关注上下文逻辑,选择与“依据”相关的选项。
语法填空:注意空格后为名词/代词时,优先考虑“According to”。
写作:用“According to”引用权威来源,提升论证可信度。