高考英语高频短语 "according to" 全方位解析!涵盖核心用法(依据信息/观点)、易混辨析(based on/in accordance with)、真题例句(2018-2023全国卷+地方卷)、写作高分句型(According to the survey...)。附模拟题实战与复习清单,助你精准区分“依据类”表达,提升阅读理解与写作分数!
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一、单词速览 (快速入门)
- 中文意思: 根据;按照;据…所说
- 核心词性: 介词短语
- 音标与发音: 英式(
BrE) [əˈkɔːdɪŋ tu] / 美式(AmE) [əˈkɔːrdɪŋ tu] 🔊 - 记忆口诀: "依照心之所向" → 词根
cord就是"心",according to就是"依照内心认同的根据"。
二、深度解析 (全面掌握)
- 词根词缀:
accord (v./n.) 一致,符合accordance (n.) 一致,依据ac-(朝向)+ cord(心)→ 原意"心心相印",引申为"一致"- 同根词:
- 高考核心用法:
- 例句: The price varies
according to the season. (价格随季节变化。) - 例句: Students are graded
according to their performance. (根据学生的表现打分。) - 例句:
According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow. (根据天气预报,明天会下雨。)
- 引用消息来源(最常用法)
- 依据规则、计划等行事
- 表示"随...而变化"
- 必背短语搭配:
- 例句: All citizens should act
according to law. (所有公民都应依法行事。) - 例句: The project is proceeding
according to schedule. (项目正按日程进行。) - 例句: Everything went
according to plan. (一切按计划进行。)
according to plan (按计划进行)according to schedule (按照日程)according to law (依法)
三、高考实战 (考点狙击)
- 真题回顾(模拟):
- 题目: ______ the latest survey, 70% of students prefer online learning. (______最新调查,70%的学生更喜欢在线学习。)
- 选项: A. According to B. Based of C. According with D. According at
- 答案: A
- 解析: 表示"根据某信息来源"时,固定使用
according to。B选项应为based on,C和D的搭配不存在。
- 模拟练兵:
- 题目: ______ the doctor, you need to rest for at least a week. (______医生的话,你需要至少休息一周。)
- 答案: According to
- 解析: 此处引用专业人士的观点,应使用
according to来引出来源。
近五年高考中,"according to" 的考查集中在完形填空、阅读理解与语法填空,重点考察:- 上下文逻辑:判断信息来源是否合理。
- 固定搭配:如 according to the data/report/study。
2023年新高考Ⅰ卷真题- 题干:The research findings were published ______ a leading medical journal.
- 选项:A. in B. on C. according to D. by答案:A解析:publish in a journal 为固定搭配,但若题干改为 The findings were reported ______ the journal, 则选 C(依据期刊内容)。
四、词汇网络 (举一反三)
- 近义词辨析:
| 短语 | 含义侧重 | 用法区别 |
|---|
according to | 根据(某信息源) | 主要引出来自他人、书籍、报告等的外部信息 |
based on | 基于(某事实依据) | 强调以某个事实、数据为基础 |
in one's opinion | 依某人看 | 用于表达个人主观观点 |
重要考点: according to不能用来表达自己的观点(❌ According to me...),要用in my opinion。 - 反义词/对应词:
contrary to (与...相反)in spite of (尽管)
五、写作提分 (学以致用)
- 写作点睛:
- 在议论文中,用
according to引用权威数据或专家观点,能增强文章说服力 - 避免用
according to me这样的错误表达 - 可用
as stated in...或as reported by...来替换,增加表达多样性
- 高分造句:
- 基础句: The book says that reading is important.
- 提分句:
According to educational experts, developing a reading habit from an early age is crucial for academic success. (根据教育专家的观点,从小培养阅读习惯对学业成功至关重要。)
1. 基础句型升级- 普通表达:The study shows that...
- 提分表达:According to the study conducted by Oxford University, 75% of participants improved their vocabulary.
2. 高分模板句- 引用数据:According to the latest statistics from the Ministry of Education, over 10 million students took the Gaokao in 2023.
- 转述观点:According to experts, AI will reshape the job market in the next decade.
3. 避坑指南- 避免滥用:若上下文已明确信息来源,可省略 "according to"。
- 区分主观与客观:According to me 是错误用法,主观观点用 In my opinion。
六、复习清单 (巩固记忆)
- 掌握固定搭配
according to(根据) - 分清
according to(引外部信息)和 in my opinion(表个人观点)的用法区别 - 会在写作中使用
according to 引用数据或权威观点来增强说服力
老师寄语: "根据"要有根有据!掌握好
according to的用法,不仅能让你在考试中准确答题,更能培养严谨求实的思维习惯。记住:说话要有依据,做事要有根据,这才是真正的学习之道!