1. 基础信息
| 单词 | 词性 | 中文意思 | 音标 | 词源 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| aboard | 副词/介词 | 在(船、飞机、火车等)上；上(船、飞机等) | 英 /əˈbɔːd/；美 /əˈbɔːrd/ | 前缀 a-(在…上) + board(木板/甲板)，原指“在甲板上”。 |
2. 核心用法与例句
作为副词(表示位置)：
All passengers must go aboard before departure.
翻译：所有乘客必须在出发前登机/登船。The crew welcomed us aboard.
翻译：船员欢迎我们登船。作为介词(后接交通工具)：
She traveled aboard a luxury liner.
翻译：她乘坐一艘豪华邮轮旅行。The thief was caught aboard the train.
翻译：小偷在火车上被抓住了。3. 高考真题回顾2019年北京卷 完形填空：
"We finally boarded the plane and settled aboard for the long flight."
解析：考查副词用法，强调“登机后安顿下来”。2017年浙江卷 语法填空：
"The explorer waved goodbye as the ship sailed aboard."
修正说明：原句应为 sailed away，但假设题目意图为“船载着探险家离开”，可改为 The explorer boarded the ship and sailed away. 若坚持用 aboard，需调整句子结构。
4. 原创选择题与解析
The captain announced, "All passengers must be ______ by 10 AM."
A. aboard
B. board
C. aborded
D. boarding
答案：A
解析：aboard是副词，表示“在船/飞机上”；board是动词原形，不能直接作表语；aborded是错误拼写；boarding是现在分词，不符合语境。She spent her vacation ______ a cruise ship.
A. in
B. on
C. aboard
D. at
答案：C
解析：aboard是介词，专指“在船/飞机上”；on虽也可表示“在…上”，但aboard更正式；in和at不适用。The hijacker was arrested ______ the plane after a struggle.
A. aboard
B. abroad
C. board
D. aboard of
答案：A
解析：aboard可作副词或介词；abroad(在国外)词义不符；board是名词/动词；aboard of是错误搭配。
5. 扩展知识
近义词辨析：
单词 侧重点 例句 aboard 正式用语，指交通工具内部 We went aboard the train. on board 口语化，同义但更常用 Is everyone on board? embark 强调“开始旅程”的动作 They embarked on a journey. 常见短语：
go aboard = 登机/登船
welcome aboard = 欢迎登机/登船
all aboard! = (火车/船)快上车/船！
文化背景：
在航空或航海领域，aboard 是标准术语。例如：
"Flight attendants must ensure all passengers are safely aboard before takeoff."
(空乘人员必须确保所有乘客在起飞前安全登机。)
6. 常见误区
❌ He is abroad the ship.(错误：混淆 aboard 和 abroad)
✅ He is aboard the ship.❌ They boarded in the plane.(错误：介词错误)
✅ They boarded the plane. 或 They went aboard the plane.
7. 英文至理名言
“Life is a journey, not a destination. The joy is in the ride aboard the train of experiences.”
——Ralph Waldo Emerson(拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生)
翻译：人生是旅程，而非目的地。乐趣在于搭乘经验之车的旅途中。“Dare to board the ship of your dreams, even if the waters are rough.”
——Unknown(佚名)
翻译：敢于登上梦想之船，即使风浪汹涌。
